Magnetic current concentrator connector for electric motor

ABSTRACT

A connector for an electric motor, said motor comprising a magnetic ring ( 21 ) which is the seat of a magnetic field tied to operating parameters of the motor, comprises a magnetic flux conduction member ( 35 ) forming a flux concentrator interposed, when the connector ( 30 ) is fixed on the motor ( 2 ), between the magnetic ring ( 21 ) and a Hall-effect sensor ( 33 ) adapted so as to measure the magnetic flux conducted by the magnetic flux conduction member ( 35 ).  
     Application to geared motors for window-lifting systems, seat actuation systems or sunroof systems, in the automobile field.

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of electric motors, in particular geared motors for automobile accessories, which are used for example in window-lifting systems, seat actuation systems or sunroof systems.

[0002] The invention is more precisely aimed at a connector for an electric motor, said motor comprising a magnetic ring which is the seat of a magnetic field tied to operating parameters of the motor.

[0003] The motors or geared motors to which the invention applies are associated with a control system which uses motor speed and/or position parameters. These parameters are fed to the control system by a Hall-effect sensor associated with the magnetic ring, which is adapted so as to deliver to the sensor a magnetic field dependent on the speed and/or position of the motor shaft.

[0004] Generally, the electronic control devices of such motors or geared motors comprise a circuit board secured to the casing of the motor, said board comprising motor electrical supply connections and the Hall-effect sensor. This sensor is fixed on a board part formed of a rigid strip that penetrates into the casing of the motor up to a region neighboring the magnetic ring, in such a way that the sensor is located in the vicinity of said ring.

[0005] It can readily be seen that the presence of such an electronic control module on the casing of the motor is incompatible with a high degree of standardization of motors, since such a configuration of the motor and of its casing is not suited to an application in which the speed and/or position sensor is dispensed with, and in which the electronic control device of the motor is located remotely some distance away from the motor.

[0006] A main aim of the invention is to remedy this drawback, and to propose a connector for an electric motor, which makes it possible to transport information of magnetic type to an electronic processing device and is capable of amalgamating with this function the conventional functions for the electrical supply of the motor.

[0007] With this aim, a connector according to the invention comprises at least one magnetic flux conduction member forming a flux concentrator interposed, when the connector is fixed on the motor, between the magnetic ring and a Hall-effect sensor adapted so as to measure the magnetic flux conducted by the magnetic flux conduction member.

[0008] According to one embodiment, the magnetic flux conduction member exhibits an elongate part, an end of the elongate part exhibiting a smaller section than the mean section of the elongate part, neighboring the Hall-effect sensor.

[0009] According to a further embodiment, the section of said end decreases progressively in the neighborhood of the Hall-effect sensor.

[0010] According to a further embodiment, the elongate part of the magnetic flux conduction member is made of soft steel.

[0011] According to other characteristics of the invention:

[0012] the magnetic flux conduction member comprises at least one metal pin adapted so that a part of said pin, when the connector is fixed on the motor, lies in the vicinity of the magnetic ring;

[0013] the magnetic flux conduction member comprises two metal pins whose free ends are disposed symmetrically with respect to an axial plane (P) of the magnetic ring;

[0014] the connector furthermore comprises at least two electrical power contacts linked to a supply source for the motor;

[0015] the electrical contacts comprise a part made of brass;

[0016] at least one of said electrical power contacts is disposed so as to constitute a part of the magnetic flux conduction member;

[0017] said power contact constituting a part of the magnetic flux conduction member is connected, when the connector is fixed on the motor, to a metal pad secured to the motor and a part of which lies in the vicinity of the magnetic ring;

[0018] said power contact constituting a part of the magnetic flux conduction member is made of steel;

[0019] the magnetic flux conduction member is secured to the power contact;

[0020] the magnetic flux conduction member is affixed to the power contact;

[0021] the connector is secured to a printed circuit on which the Hall-effect sensor is disposed;

[0022] the connector is adapted so as to be fixed in a detachable manner on the electric motor.

[0023] The invention is also aimed at a geared motor for automobile accessories, such as a window or a seat, comprising a rotor shaft equipped with a magnetic ring, characterized in that it comprises a connector as described above.

[0024] Exemplary embodiments of the invention will now be described with regard to the appended drawings, in which:

[0025]FIG. 1 is an end-on view in partial section of a geared motor equipped with a connector according to a first embodiment of the invention;

[0026]FIG. 2 is a diagrammatic cross section along the line 2-2 of FIG. 1 representing the magnetic flux conduction member and the magnetic ring;

[0027]FIG. 3 is a view similar to FIG. 1 according to a second embodiment of the invention;

[0028]FIG. 4 is a cross section similar to FIG. 2, along the line 4-4 of FIG. 3;

[0029]FIG. 5 is a partial sectional end-on view of a third embodiment of the invention;

[0030]FIG. 6 is a sectional diagrammatic side view of the embodiment of FIG. 5.

[0031] Represented in FIG. 1 is a geared motor 1 essentially consisting of a motor 2 and of a reduction gear 3, the motor 2 being equipped with an electronic control device 4 which comprises a printed circuit board 5.

[0032] The motor 2 comprises a stator 6 forming a shroud in which are housed permanent magnets (not represented), and supporting by way of a bearing 7 an end 8A of a shaft 8 of a rotor 9. In a known manner, the latter comprises windings coiled around stacked laminations. A commutator 10 is linked electrically to the rotor 9 and receives by way of brushes 11 the motor supply current transmitted to said motor at the level of supply lugs 12.

[0033] The geared motor 1 moreover comprises a casing 20 rigidly fixed to the stator 6 and supporting by way of a second bearing assembly, not represented, the second end of the rotor shaft 8. The rotor shaft span situated on the same side as this second shaft end is configured as a threaded rod forming a worm screw, which drives a set of gears of the reduction gear 3.

[0034] A magnetic ring 21 is fixed on the rotor shaft 8 in a region neighboring the supply lugs 12.

[0035] The casing 20 exhibits an aperture 22 in proximity to the supply lugs 12, which aperture is adapted so as to receive in a detachable manner an electrical connector 30 into which the printed circuit board 5 of the electronic control device 4 is fixed. This board supports an electronic circuit able to deliver a supply current for the motor. The connector 30 is held in position by releasable fastening means of conventional type (not illustrated). The current delivered by the electronic circuit travels through power tags 31 secured to the printed circuit board 5, each of said tags 31 being connected fixedly to an end 32A of a contact 32 of “stirrup” type, that is to say a contact one end of which consists of an elastic clip having two inwardly arched symmetric contact portions.

[0036] The printed circuit board 5 additionally supports a Hall-effect sensor 33 intended to receive a magnetic flux indicative of the speed and/or position of the rotor shaft 8 and to transmit to the electronic control device 4 an electrical signal indicative of these operating parameters of the motor.

[0037] The connector 30 also comprises a magnetic flux conduction member 35 consisting, in the embodiment of the invention represented in FIG. 1, of two parallel metal pins, one end of which is fixed to the printed circuit board 5 in the vicinity of the Hall-effect sensor 33. The other end 35A constituting the free end of the pin 35 is situated, when the connector 30 is inserted into the aperture 22 of the corresponding casing 20 and held by the fastening means, in proximity to the periphery of the magnetic ring 21. The two free ends 35A are preferably disposed symmetrically with respect to an axial plane P of the magnetic ring 21.

[0038] The relative position of the metal pins 35 and of the magnetic ring 21 is more clearly apparent in FIG. 2. The magnetic ring 21 generates a magnetic field of constant strength whose direction varies with the angular position of the rotor shaft 8, and therefore the magnetic flux conducted by the pins 35 of the magnetic ring 21 to the Hall-effect sensor 33 is dependent on the angular position of the rotor shaft 8. The electrical signal delivered by the Hall-effect sensor 33 therefore affords access to the speed and/or angular position of the rotor shaft 8.

[0039] Preferably, the pins 35 forming magnetic flux conduction members are made of steel.

[0040] Represented in FIG. 3 is a geared motor 101 of the same type as above, whose motor 102 comprises a rotor shaft 108 on which a magnetic ring 121 is fixedly mounted. A connector 130 comprises a printed circuit board 105 forming part of an electronic control device 104 of the electric motor 102 and supporting a pair of supply tags 131 situated in proximity to a Hall-effect sensor 133. The connector is fixed in a detachable manner to the casing 120 of the geared motor 101 by conventional releasable fastening means (not represented). The connector 130 comprises contacts 132 of “stirrup” type, fixed by one of their ends 132A to the tags 131 and intended to be connected by their second end 132B to motor supply lugs 112.

[0041] In this embodiment of the invention, and as will be more clearly seen in FIG. 4, the two lugs 112 each exhibit a part 140 overlapping the magnetic ring 121, oblique with respect to the direction of coupling of the contacts 132, and which lies in the vicinity of the magnetic ring 121 in an almost tangential manner. These two parts 140 are preferably symmetric with respect to the axial plane P of the ring 121. Likewise, the tags 131 comprise a part 131A partially overlapping the Hall-effect sensor 133, so that the lugs 112, the contacts 132 and the tags 131 fulfil the flux concentrator function and constitute a member for conducting the magnetic flux of the magnetic ring 121 to the Hall-effect sensor 133.

[0042] Preferably, the contacts 132 are made of steel, a material of this type offering an acceptable compromise between the qualities of electrical and magnetic conduction, and exhibiting excellent mechanical properties.

[0043] It is readily understood that the two embodiments of the invention which have just been described make it possible to design geared motors with a high degree of standardization. Specifically, it is not necessary to secure a printed circuit board carrying a Hall-effect sensor to the motor in order to achieve the position and/or speed sensor functions, and hence to modify the casing of a standard motor. Thus, one and the same motor can be used regardless of the application of the geared motor, and regardless of the type of sensor required (speed/position), only the connector having to be modified.

[0044]FIGS. 5 and 6 represent a geared motor according to a third embodiment of the invention. A connector 230, represented only partially, comprises, as in the other embodiments, a printed circuit board 205. The printed circuit board 205 supports a Hall-effect sensor 233.

[0045] Magnetic flux conduction pins 241 each exhibit an end close to a Hall-effect sensor part 233A and 233B respectively. The other end of the pins can for example come into contact with a respective lug 212. As in the embodiment of FIG. 3, the lugs 212 serve to supply the magnetic ring 221 mounted on the rotor 208. The magnetic flux of the magnetic ring can thus be conducted from the ring 221 up to the Hall-effect sensor 233.

[0046] As represented in FIG. 6, the magnetic flux conduction pins 241 exhibit an elongate part. This elongate part exhibits an end neighboring the sensor 233 of reduced section, that is to say of smaller section than the mean section of the elongate part. This reduced section can for example be obtained by using flat pins, of reduced width at the level of this end. This reduced section makes it possible to concentrate the magnetic flux at the level of the Hall-effect probe 233. The amplitude of the magnetic flux conducted by the pins 241 up to the Hall-effect probe 233 is thus increased. Similar pins of reduced section may of course be used in the previous embodiments of the invention.

[0047] Pins whose section decreases progressively toward the Hall-effect probe are preferably used. The flux losses in proximity to the Hall-effect probe are thus reduced.

[0048] The pins 241 are preferably made of soft iron, steel, nickel or ferrite. A material exhibiting high magnetic permeability is generally used.

[0049] According to a variant, supply tags 242 electrically link an electrical supply harness 208 to the lugs 212. These tags 242 are preferably made of copper or brass so as to ensure high conduction of the electric current between the supply harness 208 and the lugs 212.

[0050] The tags 242 and the pins 241 can be fixed at the same level as the lugs 212. Each tag can also be fitted to a pin, for example by soldering, by adhesive bonding or by riveting. It is also possible to use other means of mechanical fixing or simply to stack a tag on top of a pin, retaining them by their respective ends.

[0051] The invention, which makes it possible to conduct magnetic information to a remote sensor, renders a single geared motor configuration adaptable to various applications, the standardization of the geared motor being offset by the diversification of the connection engineering, thereby achieving a considerable saving with regard to the complete system. 

1. A connector for an electric motor, said motor comprising a magnetic ring (21; 121) which is the seat of a magnetic field tied to operating parameters of the motor, characterized in that it comprises a magnetic flux conduction member (35, 112, 131, 132) forming a flux concentrator interposed, when the connector (30; 130) is fixed on the motor (2; 102), between the magnetic ring (21; 121) and a Hall-effect sensor (33; 133) adapted so as to measure the magnetic flux conducted by the magnetic flux conduction member (35, 112, 131, 132).
 2. The connector for an electric motor according to claim 1, characterized in that the magnetic flux conduction member exhibits: an elongate part; an end of the elongate part exhibiting a smaller section than the mean section of the elongate part, neighboring the Hall-effect sensor.
 3. The connector for an electric motor according to claim 2, characterized in that the section of said end decreases progressively in the neighborhood of the Hall-effect sensor.
 4. The connector for an electric motor according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the elongate part of the magnetic flux conduction member is made of soft steel.
 5. The connector for an electric motor according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the magnetic flux conduction member (35, 112, 131, 132) comprises at least one metal pin (35; 132) adapted so that a part (35A; 132B) of said pin, when the connector (30; 130) is fixed on the motor (2; 102), lies in the vicinity of the magnetic ring (21; 121).
 6. The connector for an electric motor according to claim 5, characterized in that the magnetic flux conduction member comprises two metal pins (35) whose free ends (35A) are disposed symmetrically with respect to an axial plane (P) of the magnetic ring (21).
 7. The connector for an electric motor according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the connector (30; 130) furthermore comprises at least two electrical power contacts (32; 132) linked to a supply source for the motor (2; 102).
 8. The connector for an electric motor according to claim 7, characterized in that the electrical contacts comprise a part made of brass.
 9. The connector for an electric motor according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that at least one of said electrical power contacts (132) is disposed so as to constitute a part of the magnetic flux conduction member (112, 131, 132).
 10. The connector for an electric motor according to claim 9, characterized in that said power contact (132) constituting a part of the magnetic flux conduction member (112, 131, 132) is connected, when the connector (130) is fixed on the motor (102), to a metal pad (112) secured to the motor (102) and a part (140) of which lies in the vicinity of the magnetic ring (121).
 11. The connector according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that said power contact (132) constituting a part of the magnetic flux conduction member (112, 131, 132) is made of steel.
 12. The connector for an electric motor according to any one of claims 5 to 11, characterized in that the magnetic flux conduction member is secured to the power contact.
 13. The connector for an electric motor according to any one of claims 5 to 12, characterized in that the magnetic flux conduction member is affixed to the power contact.
 14. The connector for an electric motor according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the connector (30; 130) is secured to a printed circuit (5, 105) on which the Hall-effect sensor (33; 133) is disposed.
 15. The connector for an electric motor according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is adapted so as to be fixed in a detachable manner on the electric motor (2; 102).
 16. A geared motor for automobile accessories, such as a window, a seat or a sunroof, comprising a rotor shaft (8; 108) equipped with a magnetic ring (21; 121), characterized in that it comprises a connector (30; 130) according to any one of the preceding claims. 